Furnace.



Patented Aug. 26, i902. C. F.- SMITH.

FURNACE. 7 (Application filed Mar. 18, 1002.)

(No Model.)

m: MQRRIE PETEKS cu. mmoumu, vmsumcrou, uv c UNrrhn STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES F. SMITH, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

FURNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 707,870, dated August 26, 1902.

Application filed March 18, 1902. Serial No. 98,761. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that 1, CHARLES F. SMITH, a citizen of the United States of America, residing at Pittsburg,in the county ofAllegheny and State ofPennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Furnaces, of which the following is a specification, reference being had therein to the accompanying drawings.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in hot-air furnaces, and relates more particularly to that class wherein natural gas is employed asa'fuel, although other fuels, such as anthracite and bituminous coal, could be used. 7

The present invention has for its object the provision of novel means whereby a central cold draft is obtained; furthermore, to provide means of baffling and retarding the heat in such a manner that a greater number of units of heat are obtained from the furnace, thereby economizing the use of'the fuel and obtaining other advantages that will be hereinafter more particularly explained.

The invention further contemplates to provide a central hot-air draft around the central cold-air pipe, this to direct the hot air into certain channels, baffiing the heat and directing it downwardly through a circuitous course, thereby producing a downdraft that Will cause the cold air to be thoroughly heated before entering the distributing-pipes ex-,

tending from the hood portion of the casing to the various compartments.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a furnace of the above-described character that when constructed upon a smaller scale may be advantageously employed as a hall heater or stove, as will be hereinafter explained.

My present invention further aims to provide a device of this character that will be extremely simple in construction, strong, durable, comparatively inexpensive to manufacture, and highly efficient in its use.

With theabove and other objects in view the invention consists in the novel construction, combination, and arrangement of parts to be hereinafter more fully described, and specifically pointed out in the claims.

In describing the invention in detail reference is had to the accompanying drawings, forming a part of this sp'ecificatiomand wherein like numerals of reference indicate like parts throughout the several views, in which- Figure 1 is a vertical sectional View of my improved furnace. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of the inner casing, taken on the line 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is asimilar View taken on the line 3 3. Fig. his a like view taken on the line 4 4 of Fig. 1. Fig. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view taken on the line 5 5 of Fig. 1. Fig. 6 is a detail vertical sectional View of the lower cone-shaped end of one of the hot-air pipes.

In the drawings the reference-numeral 1 represents the outer casing, carrying the hood 2, in which extend distributing-pipes 3, which lead to the various compartments. A gassupply pipe 4: extends into the casing 1, said supply-pipes being arranged in series and extending to various parts of the burner 5,which is preferably circularin form. In said burner are formed a series of perforations 6, formed in the annular gas-chamber 7, which extend into the. combustion-chamber 8, said chamber having formedthereon a hood 9, which extends to a central product-pipe 11, in which is secured the central cold-air pipe 12, which carries a cone-shaped extension 14, extending'into the combustion-chamber. This cold air pipe 12 has its upper end open and coinmunicates with a pipe 15, extending through the central product-pipe 11 and communicating with the open air. At the upper end of the central product-pipe 11 a pipe 16 is provided which extends through the annular space 17, formed between the outer walls of the pipe 11 and the inner wall of the casing 18, in which are formed a series of annular product-chambers 19, 20, and 21 by means of partitions 22 and 23. Transverse partitions 24 and 25 are formed in the annular productchambers 19 and 20, respectively. Partitions 26, 27, and 28 are formed in the productchamber 21. An opening 29 is formed in the partition 22 of the product-chamber 19, and a like opening 30 is formed in the partition 23 of the product-chamber 20. Openings 31, 32, 33, and 34. are formed in the base of the casing 18 of the product chamber 21 and communicate with the four product-pipes 35, having at their lower ends cone-shaped extensions 36, which extend into the hood 9 of the combustion chamber. These hot air pipes are connected to and communicate with the hot-air pipes 37 which are arranged on opposite sides of the central product-chamber 11.

The reference-numeral 38 denotes the flue communicating with the product-chamber 21.

The reference-numeral 39 represents the brace-rods, which cross each other and are securely attached to the upper portion of the casing 18 and also secured to the upper end of the central cold-air and product pipes 12 and 11, respectively. These brace-rods are of less width than the diameter of the pipe 12, thus leaving the upper end of 12 open or partly so.

It will be noted that by the special construction of the furnace herein described the products of combustion will take a continu ous course in the chambers 19, 20, and 21, the cold air being forced to a downward draft and the products from the combustion-chamber taking a natural updraft. By this means the products of combustion will tend to thoroughly heat the cold air and produce a greater number of units of heat than could otherwise be produced.

In operation the products of combustion pass upward from the combustion-chamber 8,

are baflled by the hood 9 into the chamber 11, from which they pass out through the pipe 16 into the chamber 19,where they travel around, as shown by the arrows, and down through the opening 29 into the chamber 20 and pass around therein, as shown by the arrows, down through the opening 30 into the chamber 21. The products pass into the said chamber 21, into the space between the partitions 27 and 28 and pass down through the opening 31 into one of the pipes 35, then across through one of the pipes 37into the opposite pipe 35, then up through the opening 32 into the chamber 21, again down through the opening 33 and through one of the other pipes 35,then through the other pipe 37, and finally up through the remaining pipe 35 and the opening 34 into the chamber 21 and thence to the exit 38.

It will be noted that the product-pipes 35 are so connected to the combustion-chamber as to create a direct draft and also prevent condensation. v

The special construction of the burner permits the superheating of gas in the circular chamber 7, and by reason of the inclined wall and central draft the products of combustion are directed and spread against the wall of the combustion-chamber.

The detail operation of my improved furnace, as well as the many advantages obtained by the use of the same, will be readily apparent from the foregoing description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings.

It will be noted that various changes may be made in the details of construction without departing from the general spirit of my invention.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a furnace, the combination of an outer casing, an inner combustion-chamber, a central pipe communicating therewith, a coldairpipe, a series of product-chambers in communication with each other, a pipe communicating with the upper of said prod uct-chambers, and with the said central pipe, and the lower chamber being in communication with a flue.

2. In a furnace,the combination of an outer casing, an inner combustion-chamber, a central product-pipe communicating therewith, a cold-air pipe secured in said central pipe communicating with the open air, a series of circular product-chambers communicating with said product-pipe, and a series of product-pipes communicating with said circular product chambers and said combustionchamber, substantially as described.

3. In a furnace,the combination of an outer casing, an inner combustion-chamber, a central product-pipe communicating therewith, a cold-air pipe arranged in said central product-pipe and communicating with the open air, a vertically-arranged series of productchambers provided with transversely arranged partitions and communicating with each other, and with the said product-pipe, a series of pipes communicating with the lower of the said product-chambers and arranged above the said combustion-chamber, and a flue communicating with one of the said prodnot-chambers.

4. In a furnace,the combination of an outer casing, a hood carried by said casing, distributing-pipes connected to said hood, an interior casing having formed therein a series of circular product-chambers communicating with one another, partitions formed in said chambers, a combustion-chamber, a hood secured to said combustion-chamber, .a product-pipe, a cold-air pipe extending in said product-pipe, connections between said product-pipe and circular product-chambers, a series of product-pipes communicating with the lowermost circular product-chamber, all parts being arranged and operating substantially as described.

5. In a furnace,the combination of an outer casing, an inner combustion-chamber, a hood secured to the said combustion-chamber, a central product-pipe having its lower end socured to the said hood, a central cold-air pipe arranged in the said product-pipe and communicating with the open air, said cold-air pipe having its lower end closed and arranged in the combustion-chamber, and a series of product-chambers communicating with the said central product-pipe.

In testimony whereof I affix my signature in the presence of two witnesses.

CHARLES F. SMITH.

Witnesses:

JOHN NoLAND, E. E. POTTER. 

